The HD 5000 series was more than a product. It was a statement: Never count AMD out. And for one glorious year—from December 2009 to late 2010—they were the undisputed kings of the graphics card world. The dragon had been slain, and the legend of Evergreen was written.
The engineering challenge was brutal. To be first, they had to tape out (finalize the design) on a brand-new, unproven 40nm manufacturing process from TSMC. The previous 55nm process was stable, but 40nm was plagued with high leakage and low yields. They also had to pack nearly 2.15 billion transistors onto a die not much larger than a postage stamp. amd radeon hd 5000
But AMD had a secret weapon: the (codenamed Hemlock). They simply glued two Cypress chips onto one board via a PLX bridge chip. The HD 5970 was a dual-GPU monster that became the fastest graphics card on the planet for over a year. It was so fast that it held the performance crown until NVIDIA’s GTX 580 launched a full year later. The HD 5000 series was more than a product
In the late 2000s, the graphics card world had a clear pecking order. NVIDIA was the king. Their GeForce GTX 200 series, particularly the monstrous GTX 280 and later the refined GTX 285, were the undisputed performance champions. AMD (then ATI, before the 2006 acquisition) had been playing catch-up with their Radeon HD 4000 series. While the HD 4870 and 4890 offered great value, they couldn't quite topple NVIDIA’s single-GPU crown. The dragon had been slain, and the legend
AMD lost the lead again for several years, struggling with the Radeon R200 and R300 series against NVIDIA’s Maxwell and Pascal. But the spirit of Evergreen—the idea that a scrappy underdog could leapfrog a giant with bold engineering and perfect timing—lives on. It’s the same DNA that would later give us the Ryzen CPU revolution in 2017. Today, a working Radeon HD 5870 is a museum piece. You can buy one on eBay for $30. It can’t run modern AAA games at high settings. But fire up Crysis (2007), Portal 2 , or Skyrim on an HD 5870, and it still sings.