The former colonies gained political independence, but they remained economically dependent. The colonial borders drawn by European cartographers (straight lines through deserts and tribal lands) became the source of endless civil wars. The new ruling class, educated in Oxford and the Sorbonne, simply replaced the old white masters. They spoke the same language, extracted the same resources, and sent the profits to the same banks in Geneva and London.

The "post" here does not mean after the damage ended . It means in the wake of —the ongoing, turbulent ripple effect. Think of a stone dropped into a pond. Colonialism is the stone. Postcolonialism is the ripple that keeps hitting the shore, over and over, changing the shape of the land.

If you look up “postcolonialism” in a dictionary, you might find a tidy entry: “The theoretical and critical analysis of the cultural, political, and economic legacy of colonialism and imperialism.”

One of the most powerful definitions of postcolonialism comes from the Kenyan writer Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o. He argued that "language carries culture." When a colonial power bans native languages and forces English or French into schools, they are not just teaching grammar. They are teaching a way of seeing the world that places the colonizer at the top.