Pharmaceutical Biotechnology: Fundamentals And Applications

Introduction Pharmaceutical biotechnology represents the convergence of two powerful scientific disciplines: biology and technology. It applies the principles of genetic engineering, molecular biology, and immunology to develop drugs and therapies that were unimaginable just a few decades ago. Unlike traditional small-molecule drugs synthesized through chemistry, biotech-derived pharmaceuticals—or "biologics"—are large, complex molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, or living cells) produced in living systems.